Cov iav ntau lawm yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab tsis tu ncua uas hloov ntau yam ntxhia thiab tshuaj raw cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hauv ib homogeneous, pob tshab khoom nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb los ntawm siab - kub melting. Nws cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb muaj xws li: kev npaj batch, melting, thiab tom qab ua tiav.
Kev npaj Batch
Raw Material Selection and Storage: Raws li hom iav los tsim (xws li, iav tiaj tus, lub raj mis iav), cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas tsim nyog (piv txwv li, qhia SiO₂ nrog quartz xuab zeb, qhia Na₂O nrog dej qab zib tshauv, qhia CaO nrog limestone) thiab cov khoom siv raw (xws li, clarifying agents, colourizing agents, thiab lwm yam). Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv raw yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia rau hauv lub tsev khaws khoom kom zoo kom tsis txhob ya raws thiab kis kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv hygroscopic xws li dej qab zib tshauv thiab sodium sulfate.
Weighing thiab Mixing: Raws li cov qauv tsim qauv, ntau yam raw khoom raug hnyav. Qhov tseeb qhov hnyav yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua kom ruaj khov iav muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ua haujlwm zoo ib yam. Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom hnyav hnyav ntxiv rau hauv ib qho khoom sib tov kom zoo thiab sib xyaw ua ke los ua "batch." Kev sib xyaw ua ke ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov iav molten tau sib npaug thaum lub sij hawm yaj, tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li streaks thiab inclusions.
Kev Npaj Batch: Melting yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Cov khoom siv batch tau dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm - qhov kub thiab txias, thaum kawg tsim cov iav tsis sib xws, ntshiab, thiab tsim molten iav. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua.
